Cantilever beam is a member with one end projecting beyond the point of support, free to move in vertical plane under the influence of vertical loads placed between the free end and the support. Eg; Street signs, airplane wings, shelves, fan blades and some bridges Simply supported beam is one of the most simple structures.

Surveying is the art of determining relative positions of points on, above or beneath surface of earth. To prepare plan or map is the main object of the surveying. The primary divisions of the survey are PLANE SURVEYING GEODETIC SURVEYING Surface of the earth is considered as plane.The triangle connecting between three points in earth

In this system, one main pipe line runs through the centre of the area to be served, and from both sides of the main pipe line sub-mains take off. The sub-mains divided into several branch lines from which service connections are given to the consumers. Thus the entire distribution area is covered by a network

 The various parts and components of bridge are as following. Deck is the portion which carries all the traffic. The portion which supports the deck slab and girder and connects one sub structure to the other. That means all the elements of the bridge attached to a supporting system can be categorized as superstructure.  The

Factors for the design of an airport depends upon aircraft characteristics like Minimum turning radius is to decide radii t the end of taxiway and position on loading apron.  R= Distance of farther wing tip from centre of rotation. Weight of aircraft decides the length of runway, thickness of runway etc. Ground speed is the

Compass surveying is a type of surveying in which the directions of surveying lines are determined with a magnetic compass, and the length of surveying lines are measured with a chain or tape or laser range finder. The compass is generally used to run a traverse line. A Circumferentor or Surveyor’s compass is an instrument

 When a ductile material like mild steel is subjected to tensile force, it undergoes different stages before failure. Stress strain curve is the graphical representation of this stages.  Different stages when ductile material subjected to force till its failure are